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Report of mecC-carrying MRSA in domestic swine
Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of mecC-MRSA isolated from domestic swine. The investigation strongly indicates that transmission of mecC-MRSA has taken place on the swine farm between the farmers and swine. The close clustering of farm isolates and isolates from the same municipality suggests a local transmission of mecC-MRSA.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - December 15, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Angen, O., Stegger, M., Larsen, J., Lilje, B., Kaya, H., Pedersen, K. S., Jakobsen, A., Petersen, A., Larsen, A. R. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Is One Sample Enough? β-lactam Target Attainment and Penetration into Epithelial Lining Fluid based on Multiple Bronchoalveolar Lavage Sampling Time Points in a Swine Pneumonia Model.
This study compares the pharmacokinetics of two β-lactams, ceftolozane and piperacillin, among different ELF sampling approaches using simulated human regimens in a swine pneumonia model. Plasma and ELF concentration-time profiles were characterized in two-compartment models by robustly sampled ELF concentrations and by random selection of one or two ELF concentrations from each swine. A 5,000 subject Monte Carlo simulation was performed for each model to define the ELF penetration, as described by the ratio area under the concentration curve (AUC) in ELF to free AUC in plasma (AUCELF/fAUCplasma) and probability of target...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - December 3, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Motos A, Kuti JL, Li Bassi G, Torres A, Nicolau DP Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Circulation of plasmids harboring resistance genes to quinolones and/or extended spectrum cephalosporins in multiple Salmonella enterica serotypes from swine in the United States.
Abstract Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) poses a major public-health risk worldwide that is amplified by the existence of antimicrobial resistant strains, especially to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). Little is known on the dissemination of plasmids harboring the acquired genetic determinants that confer resistance to these antimicrobials across NTS serotypes from livestock in the United States.NTS isolates (n=183) from U.S. swine clinical cases retrieved during 2014-2016 were selected for sequencing based on their phenotypic resistance to enrofloxacin (quinolone) or ceftiofur (3rd-ge...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - February 11, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Elnekave E, Hong SL, Lim S, Hayer SS, Boxrud D, Taylor AJ, Lappi V, Noyes N, Johnson TJ, Rovira A, Davies P, Perez A, Alvarez J Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Polymorphism of genes encoding PmrAB in colistin-resistant strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from poultry and swine
Conclusions E. coli strains carrying mutations in PmrAB that confer resistance to polymyxins, which might have evolved in vivo and have been rarely detected, are described for the first time in enterobacteria isolated from animals.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - December 16, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Quesada, A., Porrero, M. C., Tellez, S., Palomo, G., Garcia, M., Dominguez, L. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

PIPAC versus HIPEC: cisplatin spatial distribution and diffusion in a swine model.
Conclusions: With doses used in clinical practice, HIPEC guaranteed a higher cisplatin peritoneal uptake than PIPAC in this swine model. Spatial drug distribution was heterogeneous with both technics, with hotspots closed to the drug delivery sites. Nevertheless, considering the dose ratio, IP drug uptake yield was better with PIPAC. PMID: 32003300 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Hyperthermia - February 1, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Int J Hyperthermia Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics and safety of XAV-19, a swine glyco-humanized polyclonal anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody, for COVID-19-related moderate pneumonia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIa study
Conclusions: Single intravenous dose of 2mg/kg of XAV-19 demonstrated high serum concentrations, predictive of potent durable neutralizing activity with good tolerability. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04453384.PMID:34181475 | DOI:10.1128/AAC.01237-21
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - June 28, 2021 Category: Microbiology Authors: Benjamin Gaborit Eric Dailly Bernard Vanhove R égis Josien Karine Lacombe Vincent Dubee Virginie Ferre Sophie Brouard Florence Ader Marie-Anne Vibet Aur élie Le Thuaut Richard Danger Laurent Flet Anne Omnes Laetitia Berly Anne Chiffoleau Alexandra Jober Source Type: research

Species shift and multidrug resistance of Campylobacter from chicken and swine, China, 2008-14
Conclusions The high prevalence of fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter suggests that these two clinically important antibiotic classes may no longer be suitable for the treatment of human campylobacteriosis in China. Thus, enhanced surveillance and control efforts are needed to reduce antimicrobial resistance in this group of major foodborne pathogens.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - February 5, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Wang, Y., Dong, Y., Deng, F., Liu, D., Yao, H., Zhang, Q., Shen, J., Liu, Z., Gao, Y., Wu, C., Shen, Z. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae recovered from the environment of a swine farrow-to-finish operation in the United States.
Abstract Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) present an urgent threat to public health. While carbapenem antimicrobials are restricted in food-producing animals, other β-lactams, such as ceftiofur, are used in livestock. This use may provide selection pressure favoring the amplification of carbapenem resistance but this relationship has not been established. Previously unreported from US livestock, plasmid-mediated CREs have been reported from livestock in Europe and Asia.Environmental and fecal samples were collected from a 1,500 sow, US farrow-to-finish operation during 4 visits over a 5 month period,...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - December 4, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mollenkopf DF, Stull JW, Mathys DA, Bowman AS, Feicht SM, Grooters SV, Daniels JB, Wittum TE Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in swine production in the United States: impact and opportunities.
Abstract The discovery of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in U.S. swine production is troubling, and underscores a tumultuous period where the outlook on the battle against superbugs is bleak. However, all is not lost. This commentary highlights both the good and the bad that can come from such findings. PMID: 27919893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - December 4, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Johnson TJ Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Various sequence types of Escherichia coli co-harboring blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 genes from a commercial swine farm in China.
Abstract Sixteen different sequence types of Escherichia coli isolates from a commercial swine farm in China were confirmed co-harboring carbapenems resistance gene blaNDM-5 and colistin resistance gene mcr-1 Whole genome sequencing revealed that blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 were located on a 46-kb IncX3 plasmid and a 32-kb IncX4 plasmid, respectively. The two plasmids could transfer together with low fitness cost, which might be responsible for the presence of various STs of E. coli co-harboring blaNDM-5 and mcr-1. PMID: 27993847 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - December 18, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kong LH, Lei CW, Ma SZ, Jiang W, Liu BH, Wang YX, Guan R, Men S, Yuan QW, Cheng GY, Zhou WC, Wang HN Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research